Archives de catégorie : 3D SURFACE IMAGING

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, In ENGLISH, SPECTRAL IMAGING, X-RAYS IMAGING

article : Scanning the Celts – Evaluation of 2D and 3D techniques in protohistoric archeology

Charlotte Hochart, Elsa Lamberta, Anne Maigret, Clotilde Boust “Scanning the Celts: evaluation of 2D and 3D techniques in protohistoric archaeology (Conference Presentation).” Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology VII. Vol. 11058. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2019.

Préprint :  SPIE_Hochart_v6

Summary : The Agris Helmet is a masterpiece of the Celtic art made in the middle of the 4th century A.D. It has been found near Agris, France, in 1981 during an archeological dig under the supervision of José Gomez-de-Soto. This composite object is made of an iron cap covered with bands of bronze. The bronze is itself covered with pure gold leaf, with embedded coral decorations attached using silver rivets. The Helmet was discovered with one cheek guard which had similar materials and designs. Considering this information, the cap would have been used for display rather than worn in battle. The helmet, discovered in pieces, was restored in Mainz during the 1980th and is now held by the Musée d’Angoulême in Angoulême (France). The present project led jointly by the AOROC department of the ENS and the C2RMF and supported by PSL, was an opportunity to make complementary work on the Helmet to document it thoroughly. Our aim was threefold. Firstly, we wanted to document the Helmet in such a way that future studies would be doable even without physical access to the original piece. Then, we were willing to search the best 3D technique and practice for this complex piece. The level of details and the brilliant aspect of the surface were the perfect challenges for our 3D systems. In addition to these technics, we wanted to enhance the knowledge about the object (material and technical identification) and provide new data for archaeology and art history. We began the study with a complete photographic coverage of the Helmet thus highlighting every single visible detail on its surface. In order to go further concerning the structure of the object itself, we chose to use X-Ray technology. This method allowed us to see behind the surface and understood the organization and construction of the Helmet. Furthermore, multiple techniques of photogrammetric imaging and 3D digitalization were used to obtain the best set of data. Leadingly, we performed a photogrammetric coverage under artificial lights followed by another under natural light. Thereafter, we used two 3D scanners technologies, one based on structured light and the second based on laser technology. The resulting 3D models were compared in precision and acquisition convenience (simplicity of devices and acquisition time). While the photogrammetric models were perfect to easily visualize the texture and color of the object, its degree of precision left something to be desired. On the contrary, the 3D models obtained by scanning technologies were effective for the purpose of getting complete metric and volumetric values. For the study of the Helmet, the high-resolution models provided information about tools marks and other traces of the production techniques. Moreover, mesh comparing provided new data for the matching of supposedly identical items on the surface. The results of those studies were particularly instructive for the historians of the Celtic period and gave new possibilities to the researches for the work on this precious object.

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, SPECTRAL IMAGING, X-RAYS IMAGING

article : Imagerie scientifique pour la conservation et la restauration du patrimoine

Journées d’étude sur les préalables à la restauration, 13 et 14 octobre 2016, C2RMF/Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy.
Lien vers Parution de la publication électronique, novembre 2018

La photographie et la radiographie sont utilisées pour la compréhension des œuvres depuis l’ouver­ ture en 1931 du laboratoire du musée du Louvre, dédié à la conservation et la restauration du patri­ moine. Si les grands principes de l’époque restent utilisés aujourd’hui, les progrès des sources de lumière, des capteurs et de l’informatique graphi­ que ont permis de développer considérablement les analyses optiques sans contact avec les œuvres d’art, pour enregistrer la surface, la forme ou l’intérieur des objets.

Le principe général de l’imagerie est d’envoyer un rayonnement électromagnétique (lumière visible, UV, IR, rayons X…) sur un objet et d’en­ registrer ce rayonnement modifié par son interaction avec la matière de l’objet. Cet enre­ gistrement se fait simultanément en plusieurs points de l’objet via des capteurs couvrant tout ou partie de la surface de l’objet. On obtient une image, ou un tableau de mesures, qui représente visuellement le rayonnement enregistré.

D’un point de vue des informations utiles à la conservation des œuvres, l’imagerie est utilisée pour deux raisons principales : le constat d’état et l’analyse des matériaux.

– En premier lieu, ces images permettent de faire un constat d’état d’une œuvre à un instant donné, c’est­à­dire un enregistrement précis des couleurs, surfaces et volumes d’une œuvre, complétant ainsi le traditionnel constat d’état visuel et la description par des mots.

– La deuxième fonction des images scientifi­ ques est l’analyse des constituants de l’œuvre, c’est­ à ­dire la détection des matériaux constitutifs. En effet, certains matériaux réagissent de façon spécifique sous certaines radiations (absorbent ou réfléchissent des longueurs d’ondes particulières), ce qui permet de les repérer et de les identifier.

Toutes ces captures optiques (photographie, radiographie, numérisation 3D) s’effectuent sans contact avec les objets et sont donc sans danger pour les œuvres. De ce fait, ces techniques sont utilisées en priorité pour l’étude des objets patrimoniaux.

Cet article décrit plus en détail les principales techniques d’imagerie actuelles et leurs appli­cations pour la conservation des œuvres d’art.

Télécharger l’article : JDN_01_Boust_interactif_006-016

 

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Microscopy, OBJECT STUDY, Scanner 3D

article : Le guerrier de Saint-Maur (Oise). À la redécouverte d’une œuvre majeure de l’art gaulois

TECHNE    https://journals.openedition.org/techne/1363

La figure de guerrier en tôle chaudronnée de Saint-Maur est l’un des rares exemples de sculpture anthropomorphe attribuable à la fin de l’époque gauloise ou au début de l’époque gallo-romaine. À l’occasion de sa restauration en 2016, de nouvelles observations et analyses (spectrométrie de fluorescence X, microscopie numérique 3D, scanner 3D) ont été menées par une équipe pluridisciplinaire. Elles ont apporté des résultats inédits sur les matériaux et les techniques mises en œuvre pour la réalisation et l’assemblage des différentes pièces composant la figure du guerrier, ainsi que pour la caractérisation de ses attributs. Elles ont également permis de restituer les traitements rituels subis par l’œuvre avant son enfouissement et d’affiner sa datation.

3D Print, 3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, OBJECT STUDY, Photography

Lettre en or du roi du siam à napoleon 3

Le C2RMF a étudié la lettre en or conservée au  Ministère des Affaires étrangères, envoyée à Napoléon 3  par le roi du SIAM. Elle a été présentée à l’exposition “L’Art de la Paix, secrets et trésors de la diplomatie” présentée au Petit Palais du 18 octobre 2016 au 15 janvier 2017. 

Les photographies macro ont permis de traduire la lettre de la langue Siam au Français. La numérisation 3D a permis de faire usiner un socle pour pouvoir la présenter et la déplacer. L’analyse élémentaire a révélé sa composition. Toutes ces analyses sont sans contact.

Images C2RMF et MAF

 

  • La restauration de la lettre d’or en images  : diffusion du film réalisé par le pôle Audiovisuel du ministère des Affaires étrangères.
    Isabelle Nathan, conservateur général du patrimoine aux Archives diplomatiques des ministères des affaires étrangères, nous fait le récit de ce document exceptionnel.
    Olivier Lagarde, restaurateur d’oeuvres d’art, fut chargé de rendre son éclat et sa lisibilité à cette pièce conservée aux archives du ministère des affaires étrangères.

 

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, In ENGLISH

3D Heritage Online Presenter : 3DHOP

3DHop is an interesting project from  Visual Computing Lab of ISTI-CNR Italy :

“3DHOP (3D Heritage Online Presenter) is an open-source framework for the creation of interactive Web presentations of high-resolution 3D models, oriented to the Cultural Heritage field. 3DHOP target audience ranges from the museum curators with some IT experience to the experienced Web designers who want to embed 3D contents in their creations, from students in the CH field to small companies developing web applications for museum and CH institutions.”

http://vcg.isti.cnr.it/3dhop/

The contact page reveals several  linked projects:

“3DHOP has been designed on the base of the experience done in the EC IP project 3DCOFORM: Tools and Expertise for 3D Collection Formation. De facto, 3DHOP can be considered the second version of the Community Presenter tool, which was designed and implemented as part of the 3DCOFORM project.

The 3DHOP technology has been developed in the framework of the EC NoE project V-MUST.NET – Virtual Museum Transnational Network.

3DHOP is currently used and, at the same time, developed and debugged in some other research projects:

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, OBJECT STUDY, Photogrammetry, Photography, Scanner 3D

Images de Notre-Dame

Lien

“Le vaste chantier de restauration de Notre-Dame de Paris s’accompagne d’un projet scientifique tout aussi ambitieux. Au cœur de ces travaux : un chantier numérique de grande ampleur pour créer un double numérique de la cathédrale permettant de centraliser toutes les données scientifiques liées au monument. Le chantier scientifique Notre-Dame CNRS / Ministère de la Culture est développé en collaboration avec l’Établissement Public Notre-Dame de Paris.”

Avec la participation active du C2RMF/Ministère de la Culture avec à l’imagerie Alexis Komenda, Philippe Salinson, Laurence Clivet et Anne Maigret. Bravo, ce n’est pas une mission facile!

Le site du Ministère de la Culture  consacré à Notre-Dame :  https://notre-dame-de-paris.culture.gouv.fr/

2D X-Rays, 3D SURFACE IMAGING, DATA FUSION ANALYSIS, In ENGLISH, Scanner 3D, Tomography XR, X-RAYS IMAGING, XRF

ARTICLE : Symposium on non-destructive testing of cultural heritage, Korea

International symposium on non-destructive testing of cultural heritage: Radioactive techniques for diagnosis and conservation of cultural heritage

Symposium international [Diagnostic non destructif des biens culturels] commémorant 10e anniversaire du Centre de science de la conservation du patrimoine culturel, Corée, 2019

This symposium brought together scientists using ionizing radiation in the field of cultural heritage, either for its characterization or for its conservation. 5 presentations for a nice audience of a hundred people, mainly academics, students and professors in the fields of heritage sciences.

  • Curent status and prospects for the conservation and restoration of cultural of cultural heritage using radiation technology – Song Jungil – Cultural Heritage Conservation Science Center, NRICH (National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
  • Surface 3D, X-rays and X-ray tomography for museum object analysis in France – Clotilde Boust – C2RMF (Centre de Recherche et Recherche des Musées de France)
  • Analysis and application of precise image of cultural heritage using X-ray computed tomography – Oh Hwasuk – Wonkwang Regional University, Innovation Center for Next Generation Industrial Radiation Technology
  • Non-destructive test and utilization for cultural heritage by neutron – Kim Taejoo – KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)
  • Gamma radiation processing for cultural heritage preservation – Laurent Cortella – ARC-Nucléart, CEA Grenoble.

“Surface 3D, X-Rays and X-tomography for museum object analysis in France”, Clotilde Boust, Elsa Lambert, Charlotte Hochart, Nicolas Mélard, Benoit Mille, Center of research and restoration for French museums -C2RMF, 14 quai Francois Mitterrand 75001 Paris France

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, DATA FUSION ANALYSIS, In ENGLISH, Scanner 3D, Tomography XR, X-RAYS IMAGING, XRF

ARTICLE : X-rays ray tomography and aggregated analysis for Bavay treasure bronze statuettes analysis

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Article au SPIE optical metrology, Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology VII (Conference 11058), Munich, June 2019

Clotilde Boust, Elsa Lambert, Charlotte Hochart, Benoit Mille Center of research and restoration for French museums -C2RMF

Download : 2019 ProcSPIE-boust-14ok

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, DATA FUSION ANALYSIS, In ENGLISH, SPECTRAL IMAGING

CHANGE EU project

CHANGE project is an ITN founded by Europe H2020

Several PhD call are available here : http://change-itn.eu/vacancies/

The combination of new technologies and the integration of conventional investigation tools currently used by CH experts (archaeologists, architects, curators, conservation scientists, conservators, art historians) and associated specialists (archaeometers, geomorphologists, etc.) allows us to anticipate the emergence of a new generation of multi-skilled experts specialized in the study and monitoring of changes on CH objects. CHANGE will respond to this urgent need. The main scientific objective of CHANGE is to develop a methodology to assess and monitor any change to which CH artifacts are faced during their exposure to the atmosphere and their conservation treatments. It requires a multi scale and multi modal approach in both acquisition and processing of data collected and harmonization and unification of processing protocols.

These objectives will be reached through the research projects carried out by each Early Stage Researchers (ESR), collaborative work between the ESRs and between them and the beneficiaries/partners. ESRs with different scientific backgrounds relevant to CHANGE will be selected and will be trained to bridge their existing knowledge and the one to gain all along the research programme. In a nutshell, the most innovative aspect of CHANGE is to study change issues on CH artifacts by integrating the expertise of CH experts to a multi modal approach applicable at a variety of scales.

Specific Objectives

  • Development of multi-scale acquisition systems for geometric change capture (3D) of CH assets.
  • Development of multimodal acquisition systems for appearance change capture of CH assets.
  • Integration of multimodal and multiscale acquisition systems for change capture (3D and appearance) of CH assets.
  • Development of dedicated methods for change visualisation of CH assets from multiscale and multimodal data.
  • Development of computational methods for change detection, quantification and characterization of CH assets from multimodal and multiscale data.
  • Design of repeatable and contextualised strategies of digitization.
  • Development of acquisition strategies for change monitoring of CH assets.
  • Application to the change monitoring during alteration processes of CH assets.
  • Application to the change monitoring during conservation interventions of CH assets.
  • Interpretation and evaluation of collected data on CH assets.
  • Archiving of CH data after upgrading them with semantic metadata useful for preservation activities.
In C2RMF : PhD call : Development of multimodal image data fusion methods for change monitoring
ESR7_CALL_CHANGE_2018-okTélécharger
In C2RMF : PhD call : Microscopic 3D imaging and conservation
ESR7_CALL_CHANGE_2018-okTélécharger
3D Print, 3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, Microtopography, OBJECT STUDY

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Marine Page

LNE-Cnam, C2RMF, Océ PLT
soutiendra publiquement ses travaux de thèse intitulés

Création d’objets mats : optimisation d’un procédé d’impression en relief en termes d’apparence

le mercredi 19 décembre 2018 à 9h30
Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 292 rue Saint-Martin, 75003 Paris, Amphithéâtre Fabry-Pérot

devant un jury composé de :
Madame Annick Razet (Pr., Cnam) Directrice de thèse
Madame Anne Blayo (Dr., INP Pagora) Rapporteur
Monsieur Lionel Simonot (Dr., Université de Poitiers) Rapporteur
Monsieur Marc Himbert (Pr., Cnam) Examinateur
Madame Christine Andraud (Pr., MNHN) Examinatrice
Monsieur Frédéric Du Burck (Pr., Université Paris XIII) Examinateur
Madame Clotilde Boust (Dr., C2RMF) Co-encadrante
Madame Maria Ortiz (Dr., Océ PLT) Co-encadrante
Monsieur François Bridey (Conservateur, Musée du Louvre) Invité
Monsieur Gaël Obein (Dr., Cnam) Co-encadrant, invité

Résumé :
L’impression 2.5D est une technologie à mi-chemin entre l’impression couleur traditionnelle, à laquelle elle emprunte son procédé et la qualité de reproduction des couleurs, et
l’impression 3D qui crée des reliefs et des formes. Par ses qualités visuelles, elle pourrait permettre la reproduction réaliste de multiples surfaces, mais un frein s’oppose à cette
perspective : les encres brillent. En modulant la rugosité des surfaces imprimées à l’échelle du micromètre, en fréquence et en
amplitude, nous avons réussi à réduire et contrôler le brillant des encres. Des stratégies d’impression différentes ont été proposées et étudiées pour diminuer l’effet scintillant et permettre l’impression d’une couche couleur mate : la création d’un espace à cinq dimensions dans lequel le brillant et la couleur sont modélisés aboutit à l’uniformisation des niveaux de
brillant colorés. Les protocoles d’impression développés ont ensuite été appliqués à des cas concrets issus de la conservation – restauration du patrimoine. Plusieurs exemples distincts sont présentés, qui abordent un point particulier sur lequel l’impression 2.5D est pertinente: comblement de lacune, création de répliques réalistes, intérêt de l’aspect visuel mat pour la lisibilité des œuvres.


Abstract:
2.5D printing is between traditional color printing, for the process and its visual quality, and 3D printing, which makes forms and reliefs by ink superposition. Because of its properties, 2.5D printing could allow the realistic reproduction of objects and surfaces, but inks are too glossy.
To reduce and control this glossy aspect of inks, we modulate the roughness of the printed layers, at the micro-scale, both in frequency and amplitude. Influence of parameters was
measured, and different strategies were suggested to reduce sparkle and to allow the creation of matte colored layers: by constituting a 5D space where gloss and color are modeled, we
can make gloss level of colored surfaces uniform.
Several case studies form the Conservation of Cultural Heritage were considered, where 2.5D printing could help the curator, the conservator or the archivist. We studied in particular the
issues of the the gap filling on an archaeological object, the realistic reproduction of surfaces, and the creation of matte objects for readability.

Publications:

Phd manuscript : https://theses.hal.science/tel-01986508

Article Electronic imaging 2017 “Appearance reproduction for cultural heritage application: from surface acquisition to realistic 2,5D printing” https://copa.hypotheses.org/1013

Article 4th CIE Expert Symposium on Colour and Visual Appearance, Prague 2016 “3D surface acquisition: comparison of two micro topographic equipments when measuring materials of culturale heritage” https://copa.hypotheses.org/1070

Preprint : Gloss management in additive printing: going to matte.

Preprint : Color management of matte surfaces in additive printing

 

 

 

 

3D Print, 3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, In ENGLISH, Microtopography

ARTICLE : 3D SURFACE ACQUISITION: COMPARISON OF TWO MICROTOPOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENTS WHEN MEASURING MATERIALS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

4th CIE Expert Symposium on Colour and Visual Appearance, Prague 2016 http://www.cie.co.at/publications/proceedings-4th-cie-expert-symposium-colour-and-visual-appearance-6-7-september-2016

Page, M.J. (1,2,3) , Boust, C. (2) , Mélard, N. (2) , Robcis, D. (2) , Obein, G. (3)
1) Océ Print Logic Technologies, Créteil, FRANCE
2) Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France, Paris, FRANCE
3) Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Saint-Denis, FRANCE

roughness measures with Hirox microscope

Abstract
Surfaces of materials from cultural heritage are exceptionally varied as patina, varnish, wear or scratches are added intentionally or with time to the base material, whether it is wood, marble, stucco, or brass. Measuring their texture provides a lot of information to curators but it constitutes a challenging task for the engineer. The present study focuses on the question of texture acquisition by means of two optical micro-topographic instruments. As those
instruments deeply differ in their working principle, it is necessary to check if results are comparable in terms of roughness. Moreover, in order to define the space of materials they are able to record, the study highlighted how the global appearance of an object interferes
with the measurement of its surface relief, because of the design of the utilized instruments.


Keywords: Optical metrology, 3D, Appearance, Roughness, Cultural heritage, Scientific techniques in conservation and restoration

2016_MPAGE_CIE_ArticleTélécharger
2016_MPAGE_CIE_OralTélécharger


3D Print, 3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, In ENGLISH, Microtopography

Appearance Reproduction for Cultural Heritage Applications: from Surface Acquisition to Realistic 2.5D Printing

Article de la thèse de Marine Page, publié à Electronic Imaging 2017 (http://www.imaging.org/site/IST/IST/Conferences/EI/Symposium_Overview.aspx)

M. Page 1,2,3 , C. Boust 1 , G. Obein 3 , M. Ortiz 2 , A. Razet 3

1 Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France
2 Océ Print Logic Technologies
3 Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers

Abstract
2.5D printing is a technology which creates surface relief by
superimposing successive layers of inks. The question of the
characterization of heights obtained with this technique brings us
to consider new metrics and mathematical ways to represent the
influence of diverse printing parameters on the obtained relief,
possibly used to compensate the defaults of the system.
Our method takes over the classical Modulation Transfer
Function (MTF) approach and adapts it to a vertical modulation
instead of considering the (x, y) plane, introducing then a Height
Modulation Transfer Function (HMTF). Characterization charts
are composed of lines patterns printed at different heights,
frequencies and droplet levels. Prints are scanned with a
chromatic confocal sensor and resulting topographies are
analyzed to extract the HMTF. By analogy with traditional MTF
methods, results – consisting of the measurement of the deviation
between the digital input and the analog output – allow to evaluate
the quality of our printer and to compensate it by setting up a
retro-action loop.
The method, here presented in the case of the 2.5D printing
prototype, can be extended to regular 3D printing techniques.

2017_MPAGE_EI_articleTélécharger
2017_MPAGE_EI_oralTélécharger

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, DATA FUSION ANALYSIS, IR, OBJECT STUDY, Photography, SPECTRAL IMAGING, UV

Film sur la mission Villa diomède

Vidéo

Ce documentaire consacré à la Villa de Diomède a été réalisé dans le cadre des actions de terrain coordonnées en 2015 par Hélène Dessales, archéologue du laboratoire AOrOc à l’École normale supérieure (membre de l’Université PSL).

Dans ce reportage sont restitués les enjeux et méthodes de la campagne pluridisciplinaire que sont l’étude de l’archéologie du bâti, l’imagerie scientifique, l’informatique et l’ingénierie ainsi que la géophysique.

Une réalisation de Claire Duguet, 2018.

(source https://explore.psl.eu/fr/decouvrir/focus/villa-de-diomede-pompei-la-fabrique-dune-villa-romaine)

Site du projet http://villadiomede.huma-num.fr/3dproject/

3D SURFACE IMAGING, Billets, RTI

Cultural Heritage Imaging -CHI

Cultural Heritage Imaging -CHI, une organisation à but non lucratif américaine développe et met à disposition des outils d’imagerie pour le patrimoine. Les logiciels de construction et visualisation des images de réflectance transformées (reflectance transformation imaging RTI) sont en particulier disponibles gratuitement sur leur site, comme des méthodes de photogrammétrie ou de gestion des données.

http://culturalheritageimaging.org/About_Us/Mission/

The Sennedjem Lintel from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley.
RTI representation showing color information (bottom portion) and “specular enhancement” mode showing surface shape and enhanced reflectance (top portion). Source : http://culturalheritageimaging.org/IMAGES/lintel_specular_split_detail.jpg

Our Mission:
Cultural Heritage Imaging (CHI) drives development and adoption of practical digital imaging and preservation solutions for people passionate about saving humanity’s treasures today, before they are lost.

Our vision at CHI is to democratize technology, empowering people all over the world to document their own cultural heritage, helping to preserve and protect it for future generations.

The technologies and principles that guide our work are leading to new and easy-to-learn imaging techniques that can be made available and accessible to people all over the world.

By providing tools, technology, and training, CHI drives the adoption of new practices by a broad constituency, from major art museums to remote archaeological sites to fields in the natural sciences.